"Метаболические изменения при шизофрении и эволюция человеческого мозга"
#1http://genomebiology.com/2008/9/8/R124
PDF:
http://genomebiology.com/content/pdf/gb-2008-9-8-r124.pdf
Коллектив авторов внушаетъ.. со всех уголков планеты люди.
И журнал с высоким импакт-фактором.
Metabolic changes in schizophrenia and human brain evolution
Philipp Khaitovich* , Helen E Lockstone* , Matthew T Wayland* , Tsz M Tsang , Samantha D Jayatilaka , Arfu J Guo , Jie Zhou , Mehmet Somel , Laura W Harris , Elaine Holmes , Svante Pääbo and Sabine Bahn
Genome Biology 2008, 9:R124doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-8-r124
Published: 5 August 2008
Abstract (provisional)
Background
Despite decades of research, the molecular changes responsible for the evolution of human cognitive abilities remain unknown. Comparative evolutionary studies provide detailed information about DNA sequence and mRNA expression differences between humans and other primates but, in the absence of other information, it has proved very difficult to identify molecular pathways relevant to human cognition.
Results
Here, we compare changes in gene expression and metabolite concentrations in the human brain and compare them to the changes seen in a disorder known to affect human cognitive abilities, schizophrenia. We find that both genes and metabolites relating to energy metabolism and energy-expensive brain functions are altered in schizophrenia and, at the same time, appear to have changed rapidly during recent human evolution, probably as a result of positive selection.
Conclusions
Our findings, along with several previous studies, suggest that the evolution of human cognitive abilities was accompanied by adaptive changes in brain metabolism, potentially pushing the human brain to the limit of its metabolic capabilities.
Трудная статья, методы сложные, так и не понял до конца. И они признают, что медикаменты могли сбить результаты.
When comparing metabolite concentrations between schizophrenia patients and control individuals, we detected significant differences between the two groups
for 9 out of 21 metabolites (t-test p < 0.05, FDR = 11%; Table 1). Thus, even though our study is based on a limited number of metabolites, this result confirms that brain metabolism is substantially affected in schizophrenia. The altered metabolites play key roles in energy metabolism (creatine, lactate), neurotransmission (choline, glycine) and lipid/cell membrane metabolism (acetate, choline, phosphocholine, glycerophosphocholine) (Table 1). All three of these critical cellular processes have been implicated in
schizophrenia, for example, through the use of in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques [15-18]